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However, PTSD symptoms can occur from lesser events, even constant low-level stress, or even vicariously by observing or even hearing about another person(s) experiencing trauma. Though unique to individuals perhaps prone to anxiety, this hypothesis explains that, if the person appraises any threat at a level leading high up the Yerkes-Dodson Curve (high threat leads to emotion and threat-based reasoning), and the freeze response occurs (an appraisal of too great of stress to cope can lead to feelings of paralysis, numbness, overwhelm, “thousand-mile stare,” “deer in headlights”), the same types of mental-cognitive-emotional symptoms may recur in the future. The common symptoms of anxiety can include panic episodes of intense fight or flight, but also the freeze response of depersonalization / derealization, a form of separation or dissociation from thoughts, emotions, body, and environment.
Scary as these symptoms may feel to an individual with PTSD, there are effective treatment strategies for many of the problems associated with PTSD. Dr. Ben Allen uses the following approaches: